Before the completion of MicroLED technology, MiniLED backlight will become an important weapon for LCD camp against OLED.

OLED has become the new darling of display technology by virtue of better color contrast and color rendering than LCD screens. However, after the MiniLED backlight is introduced into the LCD display, it will be able to effectively enhance its display effect. Before the MicroLED technology matures, the MiniLED backlight will become an important weapon for the LCD camp against OLED.

Touch Taiwan 2018 Smart Display and Touch Exhibition was launched in the past, and the first "MicroLED/MiniLED products and solutions" theme area was added for the first time. All relevant manufacturers have made all the efforts to display and publish various displays. Products and related solutions.

In recent years, Hanwon has invested heavily in Active-Matrix Organic Light-Emitting Diode (AMOLED) panel technology. Whether it is a smart phone or a home TV, AMOLED has almost become the highest-end boutique display product. Synonymous with. Coupled with the follow-up of Chinese manufacturers, the market has already been killed in the Red Sea; most Taiwanese companies are not arguing that the technology sector is not a business focus. However, in this exhibition, it can be seen that major manufacturers have joined hands to maintain the stability of the Liquid-Crystal Display (LCD) and Light-Emitting Diode (LED) industries for many years. The foundation is to promote the MiniLED backlight with a chip size of 100~200 microns and the MicroLED display technology with a grain size of less than 100 microns. It is eager to face the OLED trend.

16K technology touchdown 8K ecosystem is fully constructed

In the Touch Taiwan 2018 exhibition, major manufacturers have offered pressure boxes to show firepower. Innolux also exhibited a 100-inch 16K display, announcing that the 16K era has arrived. With the launch of such high-profile LCD display products, it will also ignite the top-end status of the OLED screen in the future.

Innolux demonstrates technology development and launches the world's first high-resolution 100-inch 16K S-UHD display module. This product does not need to use multiple small size stitching, can display the visual effect of large TV wall, as a large billboard advertisement, the most eye-catching, commercial use. In addition, a number of high-end TV display modules were also exhibited to capture the high-end commercial application market.

Yang Zhuxiang, general manager of Innolux's TV industry group, said that with the gradual completion of the 4K ecosystem, the technology of 8K has matured. In the future, I hope that 8K can continue to improve in terms of technology, content and the entire ecosystem in the same way as the development process of 4K. I also hope that the volume of OLED TV can be suppressed by the development of 8K technology. This is the strategy of Innolux, and it is an extension of Taiwan's industrial policy.

AUO General Manager Cai Guoxin pointed out that the company's 65-inch, 75-inch, and 85-inch full range of 8K products will be mass-produced at the end of 2018, and will lock in the large-scale high-end market of more than $1,500. Moreover, with the gradual increase in the penetration rate of 4K, the future 8K market is also highly optimistic. Cai Guoxin estimates that in 2019, 8K large-size TVs are expected to reach a penetration rate of more than 3%.

8K LCD material in place, penetration increased by 15%.

LCD panels are currently the mainstream in both large and small display applications, and liquid crystal layer materials continue to be introduced to enhance display performance. For 8K ultra-high resolution applications for TV monitors, material suppliers have also introduced corresponding liquid crystal materials for this demand, increasing backlight penetration by as much as 15%.

Xie Zhihong, chairman of Taiwan Merck Group, pointed out that 8K has higher penetration requirements for liquid crystal materials. At present, the company has cooperated with panel manufacturers to develop liquid crystal materials for 8K TV monitors, and successfully increased the penetration rate by 15%. %.

Xie Zhihong further explained that the general backlight often only has 10% brightness after penetrating the liquid crystal layer, so if the transmittance of the liquid crystal layer can be improved, the number of LEDs used in the backlight and the power consumption can be reduced, and Further reduce costs.

On the other hand, Xie Zhihong pointed out that unlike TV display applications, mobile devices have the need to view the screen from side to side, from direct viewing, etc., and the requirements for wide viewing angles will be higher than for TVs; therefore, TV The liquid crystal layer material of the display and the mobile device screen is also different. However, the same is true, whether in small-sized applications such as smart phones and tablets, penetration is also an important consideration. In the future, liquid crystal materials, both large and small, will develop toward higher penetration.

Xie Zhihong uses the UB-FFS material and FFS used in the small-size screen as an example to illustrate that the FFS penetration is low. Currently, the mid-end mobile phone is the main application market; the UB-FFS has higher penetration and better display effect. Currently used in high-end smart phones. However, although the cost of UB-FFS is higher in terms of liquid crystal materials alone, UB-FFS can actually enhance the competition of overall BOM Cost because better penetration can reduce the usage and cost of other components such as backlight LEDs. force.

Xie Zhihong believes that although the display technology will continue to develop into MicroLED and OLED displays in the future, TFT LCD will continue to be the mainstream technology in the next five years due to the stable production capacity and low cost of TFT LCD. Merck will also continue to promote new applications of materials with curiosity and material development experience in response to trends in 5G, driverless and smart buildings. In the future, Merck will continue to develop new generations of liquid crystal materials to achieve a high-color saturated narrow border display for a superior visual experience.

MiniLED backlight breaks OLED myth

In addition, Innolux has combined 8K display technology with MiniLED backlight to develop a 65-inch 8K Mega-Zone product with a regional dimming of over 8 million zones and a static contrast specification of 1,000,000:1. The Innolux 8K Mega-Zone resolution is four times that of the same size OLED and is more efficient. At the same power consumption, the brightness is more than twice that of 4K OLED TVs.

Both panels have introduced LCD products with MiniLED backlights, and they all emphasize that their display effect is not OLED, and there is a more advantageous cost structure. It is expected to compete with AMOLED TV in the high-end display market in the future.

Cai Guoxin further mentioned that the 8K signal test of the Tokyo Olympics in 2020 will be expected to drive the growth of 8K technology in TV applications. It is also difficult to achieve 8K resolution due to OLED TV. Therefore, after the 8K technology is mature, the advantages of LCD products will be significantly improved.

However, operating the 8K market is not only a requirement for hardware technology, but system specifications including recording equipment, transmission interfaces, content storage, etc. must be upgraded to 8K. Only when the industrial ecological chain tends to be complete, 8K can be truly popularized. Therefore, Innolux also revealed that in the next 3 to 5 years, the company will invest in ecosystem management to promote 8K product sales.

On the other hand, the characteristics of AMOLED organic materials make the reliability low, and it will be difficult to adapt to the high temperature and high humidity environment for vehicles. Ding Jinglong, executive vice president of Innolux, predicted that after the mature LED backlight technology matures, the OLED panel will disappear in the automotive field; after about two years, it will gradually be seen that the automotive OLED display is gradually replaced by the LCD technology of the MiniLED backlight.

MicroLED/MiniLED application areas are different

On the other hand, Ding Jinglong said that MiniLED began to introduce LCD screen backlight, just the beginning of the display technology revolution. In the future, the MiniLED backlight will not only greatly improve the LCD display quality, but also pose a threat to AMOLED. In the future, the MicroLED display with smaller die size is expected to replace the LCD display and become the mainstream display of the next generation. LCD is currently the main source of revenue for Innolux. In the future, with the development of MiniLED, it will replace traditional LCD displays in 5-10 years.

Ding Jinglong further mentioned that as the MiniLED technology continues to advance, the line between the technology and the MicroLED will gradually blur. When the technology goes to MicroLED, it may be able to replace the entire LCD display architecture and become the mainstream display technology in the future.

Although the use of an AM TFT driver architecture facilitates the introduction of smaller sized dies, the implementation of the MicroLED display architecture must also take into account its bare crystal characteristics. There are many sample displays of this technology, but it is often difficult to achieve a TV-like size. Therefore, the industry generally believes that MicroLED displays will be imported from small panels of wearable devices. However, due to various technical limitations, the actual amount is still uncertain. Production schedule.

Ding Jinglong analysis, MicroLED display will be cut into the small size market, and MiniLED backlight LCD display will first attack the large size market, and the watershed of the two technologies will be applied in the smart phone panel, that is, the future AM MiniLED backlight LCD display technology is better. It is not possible to import into a smartphone app.

However, Peng Shuanglang pointed out that MicroLED has the advantages of power saving, high resolution, flexibility, etc., and because of the self-illumination characteristics of the technology, there is no problem of viewing angle. Therefore, the company has considerable expectation and investment in MicroLED technology. AU Optronics also demonstrated 12.1-inch MicroLED display technology at Touch Taiwan 2018, using LEDs smaller than 30 microns to achieve 169PPI pixel density and resolution (1920×720), and each pixel can pass low temperature polysilicon (Low Temperature) Poly-Silicon, LTPS) backplane drive technology is independent of illumination.

MiniLED display seamless stitching 4K

MiniLEDs with die sizes of around 100~200 microns, in addition to being used in backlighting applications for LCD displays, there are also manufacturers that push Pixel Pitch and die size of small-pitch LED displays down to MiniLED levels and import them. Large kanban application. With the size of 125×225 micron, the MiniLED can achieve a 130-inch 4K display effect; the matching drive scheme can make the display effect close to HDR 10 high contrast.

Huang Bingkai, manager of Accumulation Technology's micro-light-emitting diode business unit, said that Accumulation Technology has cooperated with many international professional audio-visual equipment manufacturers. The LED display driver ICs are also ready for mass production of MiniLED. It is expected that the first quarter of 2019 will be available. Hopefully there is a complete MiniLED solution on the market. At the same time, it is expected to release the drive scheme for MicroLED displays in 2019.

At the Touch Taiwan exhibition in 2018, Accumulation Technology exhibited MiniLED displays with a grain size of 125 × 225 μm, a pixel pitch of 0.75 mm, and a case size of 30 × 30 cm and 60 × 30 cm. And announced a significant improvement in the box's dead pixels, MiniLED production yield is no longer a challenge.

The MiniLED display has a viewing angle of up to 178O and can be seamlessly spliced into any shape and size. At present, it can be combined into a 130-inch 4K display, which is gradually applied to commercial space such as indoor advertising billboards and cinemas, and more to screen backlight applications in the future. development of. Huang Bingkai pointed out that in the indoor kanban related applications, the narrow-frame LCD spliced display can still see the splicing gap of about 1 cm, but the MiniLED display can achieve complete seamless splicing and higher contrast and brightness than the projection display.

The driver IC MBI5359 introduced by Accumulation Technology can achieve 16-bit grayscale, contrast ratio of 25,500:1, and the picture performance is more detailed; the actual measurement gamut range can reach 84% of BT.2020, color saturation More intense, it is the closest to HDR 10 at this stage.

Flexible/transparent display for superior OLED transparency

Although as mentioned above, after the MiniLED backlight is introduced into the LCD, its performance will be greatly improved; in the future, when the MicroLED technology is mature, the situation of the industrial supply chain is no longer the same as today. However, AMOLED still has its irreplaceable technical advantages, such as flexible flexibility and high transparency display.

With the emergence of multi-application fields, the demand for transparent displays has also increased. In view of this trend, ITRI has recently demonstrated the latest developments in AMOLED transparent displays. Combined with touch and artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities, the future will be able to showcase its talents in museums, shopping malls, aquariums, stations and more.

The penetration rate of AMOLED transparent display developed by ITRI has reached 71%. Chen Hengyin, manager of Institute of Electronics and Optoelectronic Systems, ITRI, said that not only OLED technology can achieve transparent display, LED display and LCD can also do . However, the transparency of LCD transparent display is only about 10%, so it must be matched with strong backlight to display properly; LED display can achieve more than 70% penetration, but to improve the penetration of transparent LED display. Degree, you must pull apart the spacing of each pixel, and thus sacrifice the display resolution. Therefore, for outdoor advertising billboard applications, LED transparent displays will have room for their performance. However, indoor display applications that are closer to indoors and require more sophisticated image quality are currently the most suitable AMOLED technology.

Recently, the ITRI has exhibited the "Dynamic Virtual Reality Aquarium Window", which combines the current high transparent AMOLED touch display with 70% penetration rate in the world, "Dynamic Object Recognition" and "Pointing Interactive Technology". Visitors only need to click The fish species that are of interest to the fish tank can be judged by the direction and gesture of the visitor's eyes, and the corresponding interactive information is provided on the transparent aquarium.

Create a user-intuitive information experience by transparently displaying the window display entity and providing interactive information according to the needs of consumers on the window. In the future, it can be widely used in shopping malls and exhibitions, and simultaneously display products and precision. Provide relevant information; the museum can simultaneously introduce the relevant content of the display; transportation can provide information about driving and passenger traffic conditions.

Chen Hengyin further stated that in the future, AMOLED transparent displays will move toward softness, and will further integrate touch functions to meet the needs of more application fields. It is worth mentioning that the touch function usually has to be external to the display, and the touch introduction method will be harmful to the penetration. Therefore, Chen Hengyin also mentioned that on the way to the next stage of technology development, it is the most important task to maintain 71% penetration, and it is also the future challenge.

Wu Zhiyi, director of the Institute of Electro-optical Systems of the Industrial Technology Research Institute, said that the display will be integrated into more life scenes in the future, playing an important role in human-computer interaction and becoming the ubiquitous life interface in our daily life, with folding, transparency, curling, arbitrary stretching, etc. The way, combined with artificial intelligence, vision, voice recognition and other functions, to create a variety of terminal applications.

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